History And Introduction Of Binary Trees English Language Essay

History And Introduction Of Binary Trees English Language Essay Tree is a data structure usually use in math concept can be seen as a graph. The data structure or graph are suited each other as the data structure does not only contain elements but the connection of the elements too. History of Tree was prevented by Cayley in 1857 (100 years before Malaysia got the independence). Cayley was the first man study about Tree then continues by Mckay. He discovers the vertices in database of tree into18 vertices and Royle maintains up to 20 vertices. Nowadays all their effort grant us to a lot of things we use the Tree concept in our daily live and the uses of Tree is very useful in science computer. A Tree is a set of line segment with all of the elements is connected whether left or right. We specified it into binary tree which is the concept of single parent (root or parent nodes) with at least 1 child (child nodes). Further study on binary tree is a full binary tree which meant that every root must have two nodes located left and right of the root. The entire tree is a bipartite graph. The connection point is called fork and the segment is called branches. That is a little bit about tree and we will learn more in next pages. Tree had become useful in our daily life. We can connect each data that we have to solve mathematic problems. We also had done a research on the application of binary tree in our daily life and their uses in science computer to develop well us as science computer student. Binary Tree Full Binary Tree TYPES OF BINARY TREE There are several types of binary tree. Two of them are stated as previous page and here are other types of binary tree: A rooted binary tree is a tree with a root node in which every node has at most two children. A full binary tree (sometimes called as proper binary tree or 2-tree or strictly binary tree) is a tree in which every node other than the leaves has two children. A perfect binary tree is a full binary tree in which all leaves are at the same depth or same level. (This is ambiguously also called a complete binary tree.) A complete binary tree is a binary tree in which every level, except possibly the last, is completely filled, and all nodes are as far left as possible. An infinite complete binary tree is a tree with levels, where for each level d the number of existing nodes at level d is equal to 2d. The cardinal number of the set of all nodes is. The cardinal number of the set of all paths is. The infinite complete binary tree essentially describes the structure of the Cantor set; the unit interval on the real line (of cardinality) is the continuous image of the Cantor set; this tree is sometimes called the Cantor space. A balanced binary tree is where the depth of all the leaves differs by at most 1. Balanced trees have a predictable depth (how many nodes are traversed from the root to a leaf, root counting as node 0 and subsequent as 1, 2, , depth). This depth is equal to the integer part of log2 (n) where n is the number of nodes on the balanced tree. Example 1: balanced tree with 1 node, log2 (1) = 0 (depth = 0). Example 2: balanced tree with 3 nodes, log2 (3) = 1.59 (depth=1). Example 3: balanced tree with 5 nodes, log2 (5) = 2.32 (depth of tree is 2 nodes). A rooted complete binary tree can be identified with a free magma. A degenerate tree is a tree where for each parent node, there is only one associated child node. This means that in a performance measurement, the tree will behave like a linked list data structure. PROPERTIES OF BINARY TREE After we had study the types of binary tree, now we need to study the properties for each types of binary tree. Perfect binary tree required this formula to find the number of nodes that is n  = 2h  + 1  Ãƒ ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ 1  where  h  is the height of the tree and this formula n  = 2L  Ãƒ ¢Ã‹â€ Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ 1  where  L  is the number of leaf nodes in the tree. Nodes in Complete binary tree have a different formula that is minimum:  n  = 2h  and maximum:  n  = 2h  + 1   1 where  h  is the height of the tree. The number of NULL LINK is (n+1) and the leaf nodes in Complete binary tree is (n  / 2). Non-empty binary tree have different formula n0  leaf nodes and  n2  nodes of degree 2,  n0  =  n2  + 1. Thus n = n0  + n1  + n2  + n4  + n3  + n5  +. + nB-1  + nB and to find B is, B = n 1, n = 1 + 1*n1  + 2*n2  + 3*n3  + 4*n4  + + B*nB, NOT include n0. TRAVERSAL If one dimensional array was compared with data structures like link list, which have an official method of traversal, tree structures can be traversed in many ways. There three main steps that can be shown and the order of the binary tree. First of all is to perform defines the traversal type, next is to traversing to the left child node follow by right child node. This is the easiest method to describe a binary tree through recursion METHODS FIND TRAVERSAL IN BINARY TREES There are several common orders in which nodes can be visited with their own advantages. Here a three main order in binary trees: In-order: Left child, Root, Right child Post-order: Left child, Right child, Root Pre-order: Root, Left child, Right child In-order, Pre-order and Post-order traversal visit each node in a tree by recursively visiting each node in the left and the right subtrees of the root. If the root node visited before its subtrees, this is pre-order, if after so it is post-order and if in between this is in-order. Depth-First Traversal This is one of the concepts to find the traversal of the tree. We always attempt to visit the node farthest from the root we attempt to forget too but, through depth first we does not need to remember all the nodes we have visited. In Pre-order we should go through the root first then followed by left subtree and right subtree. But in In-order we will visit the left subtree first then we visit the root followed by right subtree. Lastly Post-order we start with subtree from the left followed with right then we will visit the root. Breadth-first Traversal Breadth-first traversal is which is opposite with depth-first traversal attempts to the closest nodes to the root. With this method a tree can traversed in level order, by going through from root to the lowest children. Example of Breadth-first traversal Preorder traversal sequence: F, B, A, D, C, E, G, I, H (root, left, right) Inorder traversal sequence: A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I (left, root, right) Postorder traversal sequence: A, C, E, D, B, H, I, G, F (left, right, root) BINARY TREE APPLIED IN SCIENCE COMPUTER In computer science, binary tree can be applied such as in java, c/c++ programming, data structure and algorithms. In java, implementation is same in c/c++ programming, solution java is copying the solution in c/c++ and making the syntactic language. Almost every operation have two methods, a one-line method on the binary tree that starts the computation, and a recursive method that works on the node objects. For the lookup() operation, there is a binarytree.lookup() method that the client uses to start a lookup operation. Internal to the binarytree class, there is a private recursive lookup (node) method that implements the recursion down the node structure. This second, private recursive method is basically the same as the recursive C/C++ functions. In binary tree for data structure, a linked list structure is not efficient when searching for a specific item as the node can only be accessed sequentially. The binary search algorithm suggests a data structure which can be implemented using dynamic storage and allows searching to be done efficiently. EXAMPLE IN JAVA // BinaryTree.java public class BinaryTree { // Root node pointer. Will be null for an empty tree. private Node root; /* Node The binary tree is built using this nested node class. Each node stores one data element, and has left and right sub-tree pointer which may be null. The node is a dumb nested class we just use it for storage; it does not have any methods. */ private static class Node { Node left; Node right; int data; Node(int newData) { left = null; right = null; data = newData; } } /** Creates an empty binary tree a null root pointer. */ public void BinaryTree() { root = null; } /** Returns true if the given target is in the binary tree. Uses a recursive helper. */ public boolean lookup(int data) { return(lookup(root, data)); } /** Recursive lookup given a node, recur down searching for the given data. */ private boolean lookup(Node node, int data) { if (node==null) { return(false); } if (data==node.data) { return(true); } else if (data return(lookup(node.left, data)); } else { return(lookup(node.right, data)); } } /** Inserts the given data into the binary tree. Uses a recursive helper. */ public void insert(int data) { root = insert(root, data); } /** Recursive insert given a node pointer, recur down and insert the given data into the tree. Returns the new node pointer (the standard way to communicate a changed pointer back to the caller). */ private Node insert(Node node, int data) { if (node==null) { node = new Node(data); } else { if (data node.left = insert(node.left, data); } else { node.right = insert(node.right, data); } } return(node); // in any case, return the new pointer to the caller } BINARY TREE APPLIED IN DAILY LIFE Binary tree can be applied in our life. This can be shown in competition schedule in sports, family flows, organizations and others. The tree showed the flows of an organization so we can know who or how an organization is flowed. Besides that, we can know the header in an organization, our relation in a family or our competitor in a sport. Others, we can position in an organization so that we not mistake or just estimate someone position in an organization. We also can deal with someone based on the position in an organization and can save our time for dealings. EXAMPLE CONCLUSION We can conclude that binary tree a lot of usage in our life. The binary tree is applied not just in daily life but in computer system. This is because the usages of binary tree easy for the programmer to make a system. Other than that, the application of binary tree can be found in the computer science. In addition, we are pleased to see the chart and reduce errors during the program or enter into an agreement with an officer in an organization. Using the tree, we will know a persons position in an organization or in sports.

Character Analysis of The Moon is Down by John Steinbeck Essay

Analysis of The Moon is Down by John Steinbeck â€Å"Apart from Mayor Orden, the characters in â€Å"The Moon Is Down† remain two dimensional† John Steinbeck’s â€Å"The Moon Is Down† is a novel about human relationships, the relationships between a small town and its invaders, the relationships between town officials and the towns-people, and the relationships between the members of the invading army. Although it is a short novel Steinbeck has made a few strong and well-defined characters in these 122 pages. While there are many characters that only have a few pages in which to define themselves, the major characters seem to be very well thought out, and most are quite well rounded. Most of the characters in the novel receive a small paragraph with a description of who they are, these paragraphs are very detailed and help to make the character whole. They not only provide a description of what the character looks like, they give an insight into what the character is thinking. Even to small characters this adds a feeling of understanding on the part of the reader. It allows the reader, in some way, to have a connection to the character, and while the dialogue of â€Å"The Moon Is Down† may be a bit thin, it makes the characters seem more real. Mayor Orden is indisputably, not only the main, but also the most realistic of all the characters in â€Å"The Moon Is Down†. He was made to be Mayor of the town, and nobody would ever dispute his position, however, the first few pages of the book show Doctor Winter and the Mayor’s serving-man (Joseph) offhandedly referring to the Mayor as if he was a little apathetic and vague towards his own appearance. â€Å" ‘What’s the Mayor doing?’ ‘Dressing to receive the Colonel, sir.’ ‘... ...the towns-people pose, he does know that they are the one fault in his leaders plan. Steinbeck wrote this character with a clear insight into the human mind. Colonel Lanser doesn’t want to be in the town any more than he is wanted there, but a Colonel in an army must do as their leader instructs. â€Å"The Moon Is Down† may be a short book, but it does have a lot going for it. Though many people may find the dialogue a let down, the characters are strong, and full of hidden quirks. Steinbeck didn’t directly create â€Å"three-dimensional† characters, but rather let the readers do the work for him. The way this novel is written brings enough life to the story to make every character seem slightly more real, no matter how small their part to play was. Biliography =========== The Moon Is Down by John Steinbeck. First published by William Heinemann Ltd. 1942.

Vacant Chapter 16 Emily

This has to be perfect. Ethan is the most amazing man, and I don't want to disappoint him. So everything has to be flawless. Margie has been a huge help, though, and I don't think I could have – or would have – done this without her. Sometimes I'm so out of my element with this whole love and relationship thing. I know Ethan has more experience, but still†¦ I want him to know how much he means to me. Margie had me over for a girl's night where we watched what she called â€Å"chick licks.† She insisted that the surest way to be able to pull off the perfect anniversary was to see examples of perfect love on the big screen, or a forty-two inch, anyway. We started brainstorming and came up with a plan; a pretty good one if I do say so myself. Now I just have to make sure I don't mess it up. So here I am, standing in the middle of our living room in a new black and pink lace lingerie set and enough lit candles that I may, in fact, set off a smoke alarm. Of course, Ethan has seen me in much less that bra and panties, but these seem†¦dirty somehow. Because of the purpose for which they are intended, the pink and black lace seems obscene. I hadn't wanted to get the â€Å"tonga† cut, but Margie insisted it was the look needed for the occasion. I'm more of a cotton brief kind of girl. All the panties we looked through were so small†¦ and in bright lacy colors, nor did they seem practical. I really hope Ethan doesn't expect fancy panties all the time because I cannot see the practicality of wearing this style on a daily basis. Particularly if one has to frequently bend or stoop I glance at the clock on the wall, which was purchased at Hobby Lobby, thank you very much, and know that Ethan will walk through the front door at any moment. I shouldn't be this nervous, but we have grown so much together in the last year, both in heart and mind. I know without a doubt I will be with this man forever, and I want to experience every last thing imaginable with him. When I hear the key in the door, I close my eyes and take a deep breath. Within seconds of the door opening and closing, I hear a loud gasp followed by, â€Å"Holy shhiiittt.† Ethan is in front of me, hands exploring my backside after only a few seconds. I wonder if he sprinted, even though the distance from the door is only a few steps. It makes me relax, realizing he appreciates my gift a great deal. â€Å"Baby, you smell so good,† he whispers. His lips– then teeth skim my neck and shoulder. The contrast in sensation takes my breath away. â€Å"Fuck. What did I do to deserve all this? And you?† I'm frozen for a second because I think he's forgotten what today is. He thinks this is just a random tryst. And while we are extraordinarily honest with each other, I can't bring myself to tell him what this is really about. A pang shoots from my heart down into my stomach. â€Å"Whoa, whoa†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Ethan pulls away and looks at me. I try to smile, but it's wholly unsuccessful. It makes my throat tighten more, and I need an escape to the bathroom to shed unwanted tears. This isn't how it's supposed to go! He's supposed to see me, sweep me off my feet, pledge undying devotion, and make love to me for hours. Damn you, Hollywood! You're a liar. â€Å"Emily, what's wrong? What did I say?† He turns away from me at the moment my lips quivers. He's fisting his hair, mumbling to himself. Even though I still have on a bra, panties, and stupid black heels Margie insisted made the look perfect, I've never felt more exposed. I want to sink into the carpet, wishing the last half hour hadn't ever happened. Stupid, Emily†¦why do you always have to do something different or fancy? Why not just make fried chicken for dinner and get him a nice card, I argue with myself. â€Å"Shit! Why did I have to say something stupid on our anniversary? I try, Emily. I want to be good for you, I do. I just can't get it right, ya know? God, please say something.† †¦stupid on our anniversary†¦ â€Å"You know it's our anniversary?† I could have heard incorrectly. â€Å"Well, yeah. How could I forget our anniversary? I can't forget a thing about you, Emily.† He starts to walk toward the couch and grabs my hand, pulling me behind him. He flops down then pulls me into his lap. His thumb graces the outer edges of my smile. He didn't forget. â€Å"I remember that you hate high heels.† His hand ghosts down my leg and then draws my leg up. He grasps my spiked heel and slips it off my foot. He tosses the shoe to the floor before he begins to rub my toes. After a few moments, his hand slides up my arm to my neck, landing on my earlobe. â€Å"I remember that you only wear stud earrings because you're afraid of getting them caught on something.† His tongue snakes out a lightly traces the tip of my ear. â€Å"I also remember that you don't wear necklaces†¦.† His hand floats to cup my neck and then draws a finger down my breastbone and into my enhanced cleavage. Ethan shifts on the sofa and pulls something from his pocket. He hands me a small black box with a red bow. â€Å"But I'm hoping to change that.† Ethan finishes. I open the box and see the most delicate, yet beautiful necklace. A small silver disc holds the date we pledged our love for each other. One year ago, today. I find that I can't resist this thoughtful man. Not only has he not forgotten our anniversary, but he has also purchased the perfect gift. I seductively maneuver myself so that I'm facing Ethan. I straddle his lap and then kiss him like my life depends on it. â€Å"It's perfect. You're perfect,† I mumble in between kisses. I always get this feeling when Ethan and I are about to do it. It's still a million tiny butterflies bouncing in my stomach trying to break free. Honestly, it's the best feeling. The greatest part, though, is that each time is better than the last. I'm not sure if Ethan has been swapping stories in the stock room – although I doubt it, it's not his style – or reading up on the internet, but things have really†¦exploded for us in the bedroom department. There was a Get-to-know-you period, which was followed by the Awkward-movements period. Then there was the This-works-so-let's-do-it-this-way-all-the-time period. Lately, we'd found the â€Å"Life is like a box of chocolates†¦Ã¢â‚¬  period. And let me tell you, I may not know what I'm â€Å"gonna get,† but that shit is good. â€Å"Chocolate† is never a bad thing. â€Å"And I remember,† Ethan pauses, breathing me in. â€Å"You love it when I kiss you here,† he finishes and then sucks my nipple into his mouth. The contrast in sensation of his soft, wet mouth and the lace fabric has me beyond aroused. â€Å"New rule: all panties must be like this.† His hands rub across the exposed flesh of my butt, grabbing a handful of cheek to accentuate his point. Ethan's kiss is now languid, his tongue reaching out and teasing my body. As he moves upward, our eyes connecting once again, he beckons my mouth to open and allow him inside. I'm totally lost to this man and would submit to anything he wanted but after a few moments, I remember I have a plan. â€Å"Let's move to the bedroom,† I say in my most seductive voice. â€Å"I have more surprises for you.† Before I even have a chance to stand, Ethan grabs me and stands, coaxing me to wrap my legs around him. He doesn't carry me like this often, but when he does, there is no safer feeling in this world. He is totally supporting me, exerting his masculinity. I feel small pressed against him – a protector and his charge. â€Å"I love you,† I whisper and rest my head on his shoulder. The journey down the hall to the bedroom is too short. I could stay wrapped up in Ethan this way forever, but I have a massage to render, so I regrettably pull myself from the security of his arms. â€Å"Clothes off and lie down,† I command. Ethan raises a brow at me, showing he's a little shocked by my demand. His smile, however, tells me he likes it. He quickly sheds his clothes and lies face down on the bed. â€Å"No peeking,† I say while removing my bra and panties. I grab the oil from the nightstand and pour a liberal amount in my palm then rub my hands together. I slide my hands over his back and down over his backside, eliciting a moan from Ethan before I move myself into position. I shift and sit on top of his butt, cautious about fully putting my weight on him. â€Å"Is this okay? I'm not too heavy, am I?† His barely intelligible grunt of no helps me relax a little more fully on top of him. Per Hollywood protocol, I've trimmed myself so that I'm mostly exposed. I can't help but grind against him, my bare skin seeking friction with his. â€Å"Emily, that feels so good, but I can't stand it. I gotta turn over and see you.† I rise up to allow Ethan to turn. His hands immediately glide up my legs, his thumbs moving inward. They brush against the smooth skin that hides my clit. â€Å"Say it for me.† I know what he wants, as it has been Ethan's new fascination. I turn red because no matter how many times I say it, I know it will embarrass me. â€Å"Come on, say pussy for me. Tell me how you want my tongue on your pussy, then your mouth on my cock.† I respond with a small yet nervous laugh. â€Å"Come on, my sweet baby girl,† Ethan coaxes. Anything for this man†¦ â€Å"First, Ethan,† I begin with a little attitude. I can do this, and possibly without giggling. â€Å"I want my mouth on your cock.† I make sure to punctuate the word cock. â€Å"Then I want your mouth on my†¦ pussy. And after I've screamed your name†¦I want your cock in my pussy,† I say wanting to add a little naughtiness. That should do it. â€Å"Holy – † Ethan doesn't finish his thought as his words are replaced with vowel sounds when my mouth takes him in. It took me a few tries to get used to the idea of his†¦cock†¦in my mouth, but now there are times I crave it. Ethan says the same thing about going down on me. â€Å"Bring that pussy up here. I need you in my mouth. God, Emily, I – â€Å" I know what he means, even though he doesn't finish saying it. It's always like this, and I hope it always will be. Sometimes, I think I could just come without him touching me; just thinking about his hands and mouth on me is enough. I feel like this level of obsession can't be healthy, though and I shouldn't want someone so much, so often. â€Å"Oh fuck†¦.fuck, fuck. Emily, stop.† Ethan lifts me off of him and lays me on my stomach. He licks down my spine and softly bites my ass. His hands grab at my flesh, separating my cheeks. â€Å"Push your ass up a little, baby. Let me see that perfect little pussy.† Unnnfff†¦ As soon as I comply, his tongue is back on me, tasting me. He's a master at this now. His thumbs rub at my clit while his tongue lavishes attention to my pussy. It only takes a minute before I'm panting and trying to grind my pelvis into the bed. â€Å"Nuh uhh. Keep those hips up,† Ethan reminds me. As much as I enjoy this, I really want the main event. â€Å"Ethan,† I moan. I hope my needy groan tells him I can't wait anymore. â€Å"Don't beg. Never beg, sweetheart.† Ethan pushes me forward, and my chest is now pressed into the mattress. He holds his cock and strokes me a few times before drawing back and sliding inside me. The description of fullness seems so trite, but it's the most accurate description. When Ethan enters me, we are connected, one in mind, body, and soul. â€Å"I wish you could see this, Emily; how my cock glides in and out of you†¦seeing your wetness on my dick.† Ethan stops and runs his hand down through my lips, gathering moisture. â€Å"Turn over.† He grasps his cock and begins to stroke himself. Within seconds, his lips are back on my breast, tugging at my nipple with his teeth. After a few more moments, he leans back, hooks my thighs with his forearms, and pulls me forward. He wastes no time in aligning himself and sliding home again. With my legs pushed back, he can get so much deeper and I feel him in my belly. His thrusts become aggressive and I know that he's close. â€Å"Do you want me to take you this way, or do you want to ride me, so I can see your tits bounce?† Ethan quickly adjusts himself so that he's sitting up. He pulls me into his lap. â€Å"Or maybe like this, so I can see your perfect face and the glisten of sweat that forms on your nose as you come?† All of Ethan's dirty talk is driving me crazy, and quite frankly, I don't care how we get the job done because I'm ready to burst. He lies back, pulling me with him. His hands knead the flesh of my breasts as I moan and writhe on top of him. â€Å"I want to come inside you, baby,† he pleads. I'll never deny him. As soon as we are connected again, we grasp hands, me using him for leverage. The first few times we did it this way, I felt self-conscious, but now I love the feeling of control and power I have to bring him to his end, to coax his lust and love from his body as it spills into mine. I meet my climax first, but Ethan soon follows. We collapse together, me still on top of him. I hug him like a child hugs her favorite teddy bear, and feel safe, warm, and satisfied. We lay together for a while, just caressing and kissing. It is always like this – the tenderness afterward. We'd never†¦ deep breath†¦ fucked. I adored our lovemaking, but also wanted to know what it felt like to be taken in the dressing room of Victoria Secret or the bathroom stall at a nightclub. But we had time, time to experience all of those things. This was the end of one year in a long line of many. Margie says that's love and I just need to go with it. She explained there is a natural progression and I won't always ache for him. She explained that– eventually, he'll just be a small pain in my ass. â€Å"I love you, Ethan.† â€Å"I love you, Emily. Happy anniversary.†

King Richard 3 essays

King Richard 3 essays Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Mankind must learn to live together as brothers and sisters or perish together as fools writes Haisong Lu In our terrestrial globe, dishonesty seems to rule in every aspect of our society. Whether it is in our business world, sporting events or political arena, corruption is dominant as ever. There is a question left to concern: To whom do we turn for moral and ethical leadership? In the olden time, people certainly wont turn for King Richard 3, because he is ambitious and ruthless. Whereas, in the present time, we certainly wont turn for Prime Minister John Howard and President George Bush. Because we have been horribly deceived in Howards defense on the children overboard scandal. While currently, George Bush is rallying decisively to win support from allies and congress for a military strike against Iraq. In Richard the 3, the vicious man would do almost anything to fulfill his ambitious deeds. In the opening of the play, he stated clearly I am determined to prove a villain. His principle was those who submit would prosper and those who resist shall perish. Richards ultimate ambition was to obtain the crown for himself, but there are many obstacles. Richard to some extent dislikes the pleasure of peace and he eager for conflicts and war. He plotted successfully to have his brother Clarence imprisoned in the Tower of London, Clarence died because he has a big chance to succeed the throne. When Richard becomes the king, he is corruptive as ever. He incited Buckingham his right hand man to arrange an immediate murder of the little prince of Edward the 3. I wish the bustards dead. Buckingham was shocked and asked for a leave to consider. Later, he fled to Richmond. Angry Richard ordered Tyrell to assassinate the little prince. When Tyrell accomplished the mission, he was so r ...

The Trade Deficit Causes and Solutions essays

The Trade Deficit Causes and Solutions essays There is a strong tendency among American politicians and economists to attempt to deal with issues and problems in isolation. Politicians take this approach because they apparent have difficulty dealing with complexity. Economists take this approach so that they can factor troublesome variables out of their equations. One result of the approach of treating issues and problems in isolation is the development of solutions that are ineffective when they are implemented in the real world where isolation from other factors is no longer an option. The tendency to deal with the issue of international trade in isolation has led to policies that tend to make the situation worse rather than better. The United States government (it makes little difference which administration is in control of the White House) likes to play the role of the world's policeman (and it likes to be involved in all disputes). This role is very expensive, but the United States government and United States taxpayers do not like to ask Americans to pay the bill in the form of a balanced budget. A balanced budget would require an increase in taxes, as there is just so much the Congress can squeeze out of services for the poor and the old without bringing the electorate down on them (Gale Therefore, the Congress and the President agree to pay the bill resulting from foreign policy by resorting to deficit spending. Deficit spending on a massive scale by the federal government places the government in direct competition with American businesses and American consumers in the capital markets. The government needs money to fund the budget deficit. American businesses need money to fund new projects. American consumers need money to buy new houses and cars. In the normal course of events, however, there is not enough capital to satisfy all of these needs when the federal government is a massive borr...

International and Comparative Human Resource Management Essay

International and Comparative Human Resource Management - Essay Example In addition diversity in workforce presented itself both as a blessing and a trouble to be handled carefully. Multinational enterprises (MNE) are the bodies that are directly affected by the results of globalization as their major portion of revenues are generated from the countries other than their home country. MNE need to manage a diverse workforce in order to maintain their competitive advantage. Globalization itself is the outcome of tremendous improvements in information technology. Information technology has made it possible to communicate throughout the world effectively and speedily. Therefore human resource management practices are also affected by the implications of latest technologies. Globalization has presented many challenges to almost every arena of life in its own way and human resource management is not an exception. These challenges can be named as advance recruitment practices, cultural issues, employee commitment and loyalty, corporate environment, legal issues and political situations. ‘Global trends should be acknowledged as triggers of change in employment relationships. Firms irrespective of national borders are compelled to adjust the employment relationship to fit in with current global realities’. ... Then advertisement to attract useful workmen from the global employee market requires special tactics. An organizational quality can be taken as opportunity by some people and it can be considered as a negative point for some others when we are talking about global employee market. Like if an organization is thought to be hierarchical in nature following a strict chain of command then it will be taken as an opportunity for introvert culture but it will be given less importance by the people who are extroverts and want to express their individuality. ‘the recruitment task becomes more akin towards brand management-monitoring and promoting the reputation of the firm(what it offers as company, in terms of job and competitive compensation), dealing intimately with the problems that leads to excessive turnovers, knowing well the different segments of employment market. Firms with a fine recruitment image often use referral systems (a majority of Cisco employees are hired on the basi s of such internal referrals)’ (Evans, p.70) Furthermore during the initial screening process the human resource management has to develop specific standards which are generalized enough to compare people from different backgrounds equally and using same parameters. Conduction of interviews is also an area of concern in terms of communication differences. There are obvious differences in verbal communication, gestures, postures and body language. Like in modern societies the individuals are not reluctant to be asked about their age, marital status and personal life but in some countries the same questions are taken as a blow over ones privacy. Online interviews are a frequently used phenomenon nowadays. Online

Sesame Street Ganstas Reflection Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Sesame Street Ganstas Reflection - Essay Example The image which is taken in a street setting depicts as a character who always finds his way. He is shown in the episode demonstrating his ball-juggling ball skills. He as well challenges the other characters, including a baby to catch the ball. As a way of frustrating his subjects, he at one time deflates a fellow character, a football, leaving it formless and without the ability to bounce. In a crooked way, Elmo also slowly and skillfully blows a golf ball into the hole, just for him to win. He best seems to apply the principle of the end justifies the means. In the fictitious streets of Manhattan city, the characters, Elmo finds himself in trouble in the hands of gangsters. He is sandwiched between weapon-bearing gangsters. In the episode on balls, Elmo appears to dominate his world. Even when in the arms of these gangsters, he still appears as one who is fearless and is seen struggling to free himself. The gangsters in their street where Elmo seems to have trespassed in his quenc h for adventure seem to be much determined to hold him captive. The gangsters and the poor Elmo appear to be in a big struggle. The image, therefore, portrays Sesame as a street with a mixture of characters, who are out to challenge each other. This makes the image most suitable for children since it creates a complete satire of the Sesame Street, in a way which is humorous and educative. It prompts the children to be wary of the dangers likely to be encountered in the streets. The image is also suitable to adults. This is because apart from entertaining them, it also brings out the reality that caution should never be thrown to the wind especially when in the streets. The image raises the societal issue of the real world where gangsters in the streets is a real problem. It leaves the audience with the information that, caution should never be ignored especially